Boiler



Jun e 9, 1925.

F. B. HOWELL BOILER Filed Jan. 19, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet @215; Z C? E; w

June 9, 1925. 1,541,355

F. B. HOWELL BOILER Filed Jan. 19, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 n '11 Ill I I! N ll| I g a N Q! Q x fmok 6. M

Patented June 9, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK B. HOWELL, F BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN RADIATOR COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

BOILER.

App11cation filed January 19, 1921. Serial No. 438,303.

To (171 1071 am it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK B. HOWELL,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Bufialo, Erie County, in the State of New .5 York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boilers, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

My invention relates to improvements in heating apparatus and the same has for its object more particularly to provide a boiler for heating purposes in which the fuel will be consumed without material loss in its heating efliciency.

Further, said invention has for its object to provide a boiler of large fuel capacity. and adapted for the burning of soft coal and lignites.

Further, said invention has for its object to provide a boiler having a fuel storage capacity which is about double that usually provided for boilers of equal output, thereby permitting of a leisurely rate of combustion for long periods.

Further, said invention has for its object to provide a boiler having a large mass of highly heated material disposed in and about the combustion chamber whereby to maintain a temperature above the ignition.

39 point of the combustible gases prior to, and during the time the same is being supplied with heated secondary air to insure the perfoot and complete combustion of said gases.

Other objects will in part be obvious, and in part be pointed out hereinafter.

To the attainment of the aforesaid objects and ends my invention consists in the novel details of construction, and in the combination, connection and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described and then pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings- Figure 1 is a front elevation showing one form of boiler constructed according to, and embodying my said invention;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; V

Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2, and

Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail sectional view on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2, showing the arrangement of the refractory facings for the upper portion of the combustion chamber.

In said drawings 10 designates a sectional boiler of the cross-draft type comprising hollow end sections 11, and a series of intermediate sections 12, each comprising a front member 12 and a back member 12". The front members 12*,and the back members 12 are connected together at their upper and lower ends in two transverse series by nipples 13, 13.

The said two transverse series of connected members are arranged in spaced relation to each other to form therebetween a vertical fuel receptacle 14, a combustion chamber 14*, and an ash pit 14", and at their opposite ends, adjacent to the tops and bottoms thereof said transverse series of connected members are connected to the end sections 11 by nipples corresponding to the nipples 13, 13.

The connected sections are enclosed by a jacket 11, and provided with fuel openings 11*, primary air inlet opening 11, ash pit opening 11 supplementary air inlet open in 11 and smoke outlet 29.

*ach front member 12 is provided at its lower end with an inwardly and down wardly inclined hollow toe 15, and above said toe with a relatively narrow portion 16 provided upon its opposite sides with laterally-extending downwardlv and inwardly inclined fins 17 whose outer edges register with the corresponding fins on the adjoining sections and form inlet passages 18 for the primary air to the fuel receptacle. Certain of the front members are provided at their upper ends with inwardly-extending preferably hollow projectidns 19 in order'to form intermediate the same, openings for the introduction of fuel into the fuel receptacle.

Each back member 12 has its lower front portion recessed to form the arched upper portion of a combustion chamber 14 which is provided with a, refractory lining or covering composed of firebrick 21, which are preferably wedged in position against the recessed edge of said back member by lugs 22, 23. The said refractory lining members 21, owing to the angular form of the edges of said back members 12*, have only a very small portion of their upper surfaces in contact with said members, and therefore can impart to said back members 12 but a small amount of the heat which said lining members 21 absorbfrom the products of combustion impinging against the same.

The forward edge of said back member inclined slightly 12 hasits upper vertical (portion preferably forwar and inward at 24 and the portlon directly below the same recessed to receive a refractory facing such as fire brick 25 which facing is supported at its lower edge by forwardly exten ing r1bs 25 extending from said back member 12 and forming preferably a continuous ledge. The lower portion 26 of the back member 12 extends downward and forward from the rear of the overhanging fire-bricked up-- per edge, and thence rearward and downward to the base of the boiler, and 1s providcd along its opposite forward edges with oppositely extending ribs 26 which register and contact with the corresponding ribs of the adjacent sections to form an unbroken wall extending to the upper portion of the combustion chamber and thence said rlbs continue upward and forward between said back members 12 to form ascending and descending flue portions 27, 27 communieating at their lower ends with a horizontal transverse collecting flue 28 which communlcates with a smoke outlet 29 which may be arranged at either side of the boiler.

Upon the base of the boiler directly below the fuel receptacle, and extending entirely across the boiler is arranged a plate 30 which is supported in slightly raised position upon short legs 31. The rear edge of said plate 30 is provided with a rearwardly and upwardly inclined flange 32 to which is secured, by nuts and bolts 33, an upwardly and rearwardly inclined plate 34 coextensive in width with said base plate 30, and having its edge terminating a short distance below the center of the arched top of the combustion chamber. Upon the rear side of the inclined plate 34 are arranged suitably spaced lugs or supports 35 adapted to rest upon the upper inclined portion of the back member 26 in order to support the upper end of said inclined plate 34.

The inclined plate 34 is further provided at its lower front edge with a horizontal ledge 36 to support a series of fire bricks constituting a facing 37 of refractory material disposed upon the front of said plate 34.

The front member 12 is provided along its edges with peripheral ribs 38, and the back member 12 is provided along its edges with peripheral ribs 39. The faces of said ribs 38 and 39 are ground, and severally adapted to contact with corresponding rib parts arranged upon the inner sides of the end sections 11.

The upper portion between the front members 12, and the back member 12*, together with the end sections 11, constitute v the fuel receptacle 14 or a magazine opening at its lower end into a fire pot or burning zone 41 formed intermediate the lower ends of the front members 12 and the lower por clined plate 34, constitutes a combustion chamber 14 communicating with the fiues 27, 27 leading to the smoke outlet.

The secondary air enters at the front of the boiler below the base plate 30, and thence asses rearwardly and upwardly between the inclined plate 34 and the portions 26 at the lower ends of the back sections 12', and issues above the upper end of said plate and mingles, at high temperature, with the unconsumed gases entering the combustion chamber 14 and renders the sainecombustible. The secondary air attains a hi h temperature before it enters 'the com ustion chamber by its contact with the base' plate 30 which is heated by the bed of hot ash and other matter thereon; by its contact with the rear wall of the inclined plate 34 whichacquires a high temperature from the heat absorbing and heat retaining lining 37 thereon; by its contact with the projecting portion 26 of the rear sections 12", and by its contact with the heat absorbing and heat retaining lining 21 provided upon the upper portion of the combustion chamber. The inings 21, 25 and 37 further constitute. a large mass of heat retaining material located in and about the combustion chamber which serve to maintain at high temperature the unc onsumed gases liberated by the fuel, until said gases can mingle with the requisite quantity of secondary air and be consumed.

The operation of the boiler will be obvious from the foregoing description.

Having thus described my said invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. A boiler comprising a fuel receptacle including a vertical water-backed rear wall, a flue at the rear of said receptacle, and a separately formed wall disposed in front of said vertical wall to form therebetween a passage for feeding secondary air to the products of combustion enterin said flue; said separately formed wall having one side exposed directly to the radiant heat of the fuel, substantially as specified.

2. A boiler comprising a fuel receptacle including a vertical water-backed rear wall, a flue at the rear of said receptacle, and a separate wall disposed in front of said water-backed rear wall to form therebetween a passage for feeding secondary air to the products of combustion entering said flue; one of said walls including a facing of refractory material exposed directly to the radiant heat of the fuel and forming the side of said passage op osite to said waterbacked wall, substantial y as s ecified.

3. A boiler comprising a fue receptaele,'a

outlet, substantially as specified.

4. A boiler comprising a fuel receptacle, an ash pit, a combustion chamber, and a wide duct for conducting secondary air to said combustion chamber; said duct including the base of said ash pit and the rear wall of said ash pit and fuel receptacle, whereby the secondary aiiuis conducted to said combustion chamber from below said ash pit and preheated by exposure thereof to the heat transmitted through said base and said rear wall from the heated contents therein, substantially as specified.

5. A boiler comprising a fuel receptacle, an ash pit, a combustion chamber, fiues extending from said chamber, a base plate for said ash pit spaced upwardly from the base of said boiler and providing means for the entry of secondary air below said ash pit, a vertical wall at the rear of said ash pit and fuel receptacle, and a vertical member mounted in spaced relation to said wall and constituting the rear wall or said ash pit and fuel receptacle; said member and wall forming a passage therebetween for conducting said secondary air from below said ash pit into said combustion chamber, substantially as specified. 4

6. A boiler comprising a fuel receptacle, a combustion chamber, an ash pit, a base therefor spaced upwardly from the base of the boiler and providing, a passage below the same for the entry of secondary air; said passage being substantially coextensive with the width of said ash pit, a pair of spaced vertically extending walls at the rear of said ash pit and fuel receptacle and sub stantially coextensive with the width thereof; said walls providing a Vertically extending passage therebetween connecting said first named passage and said combustion chamber for supplying secondary air to the products of combustion therein, substantial- 1y as specified.

7. A boiler comprising a fuel receptacle, an ash pit, a' base for said ash pit, a rear wall therefor arranged at an angle to said base, an air duct extending rearwardly below and upwardly behind said base and rear wall respectively for conducting secondary air to the products of combustion, and a heat absorbing facing for said air duct; said baseand said wall constitutlng walls of said duct, whereby said air is preheated by exposure to the heat of the incandescent fuel and products of combustion upon the opposite sides of said base and said rear wall, substantially as specified.

8. A boiler comprising a fuel receptacle, an ash pit, a combustion chamber, means including the rear Wall of said ash pit and fuel receptacle for feeding secondary air to the products of combustion in said combustion chamber, and linings of refractory material disposed upon the front of said wall and upon another wall of said combustion chamber which are exposed to the hot fuel and products of combustion, whereby to heat said secondary air entering said combustion chamber, substantially as specified.

9. A boiler comprising an ash pit, a fuel receptacle, a fuel ma azine thereabove, a facing of heat absorbing material on the rear wall of said fuel magazine, a member,

constituting the rear wall of said fuel receptacle for feeding secondary'air to the products of combustion, a facing of heat absorbing and retaining material on the front of said member, an outlet from said fuel receptacle above said member, and a horizontally arranged facing of heat absorbing and retaining material in the path of the products of combustion entering said outlet, substantially as specified.

10. A boiler comprising a fuel receptacle, an ash pit, a combustion chamber, means including the rear wall of said ash pit and said fuel receptacle for feeding secondary air to the products of combustion in said combustion chamber, and facings of heat absorbing and retaining material on the front of said rear wall and on a wall of said combustion chamber above said means; sald fac ings converging to provide a constricted entrance to the fines from said combustion chamber, substantially as specified.

11. A boiler of the character described comprising front and back sections, a fuel receptacle, an ash pit, and a combustion chamber formed intermediate said front and back sections, a base plate for said ash pit supported in elevated position with respect to the base of the boiler, an inclined member extending upwardly and rearwardly from said base plate in spaced relation to said back sections of the boiler, and a lining of heat absorbing and retaini material disposed upon the outer face of said inclined member, substantially as specified.

12. A boiler ofthe character described comprising front and back sections, a fuel receptacle, an ash pit, and a combustion chamber formed intermediate said front and back sections, a base plate for said ash pit supported in elevated position with respect to the base of the boiler, an inclined member extending upwardly and rearwardly from said base plate in spaced relation tions and a connected series of back sections arranged in s aced relation to said front sections and orming therebetween a fuel receptacle and an ash pit; said back sections being recessed to form a combustion chamber, and a lining of heat absorbing and retaining material arranged upon the front of said back sections above said combustion chamber, a base plate in said ash pit supported in elevated posltion with respect to the base of the boiler, an inclined plate extendin upwardly and rearwardly rom the rear e ge of said base plate in spaced relation to thelower portions of said back sections, a lining of heat absorbing and retaining material disposed upon the forward face of said inclined member, lugs arranged upon the rear of said inclined member adapted to engagewith said back sections whereby to support the upper end of said inclined member, and supporting means arranged upon the outer si e of the overhanging portion of said back members, and llnings of heat absorbing and retaining material disposed within said supporting means, substantially as specified.

Signed at the city of Buffalo, Erie County in the State of New York, this 23rd day of.

November, one thousand nine hundred and twenty.

FRANK B. HOWELL. Witnesses:

CONRAD A. Dm'rnRIoH, W. F. HAHN. 

